322 Ergebnisse
Complexity economics focuses on interactions and interdependencies between individuals and structures in economic systems. Those are systems of organised complexity. High importance is given to the analysis of networks.
Complexity Economics
The notion that the demand and supply side are independent is a key feature of textbook undergraduate economics and of modern macroeconomic models. Economic output is thought to be constrained by the productive capabilities of the economy - the ‘supply-side' - through technology, demographics and capital investment. In the short run a boost in demand may increase GDP and employment due to frictions such as sticky wages, but over the long-term successive rises in demand without corresponding improvements on the supply side can only create inflation as the economy reaches capacity. In this post I will explore the alternative idea of demand-led growth, where an increase in demand can translate into long-run supply side gains. This theory is most commonly associated with post-Keynesian economics, though it has been increasingly recognised in the mainstream literature.
It’s Demand All the Way Down
Der Fokus der Komplexitätsökonomik liegt auf den Interaktionen und Wechselwirkungen zwischen Individuen und Strukturen wirtschaftlicher Systeme. Diese werden als Systeme organisierter Komplexität aufgefasst. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf der Analyse von Netzwerken.
Komplexitätsökonomik
Environmental catastrophe looms large over politics: from the young person’s climate march to Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez’s Green New Deal, increasing amounts of political space are devoted to the issue. Central to this debate is the question of whether economic growth inevitably leads to environmental issues such as depleted finite resources and increased waste, disruption of natural cycles and ecosystems, and of course climate change. Growth is the focal point of the de-growth and zero-growth movements who charge that despite efficiency gains, increased GDP always results in increased use of energy and emissions. On the other side of the debate, advocates of continued growth (largely mainstream economists) believe that technological progress and policies can ‘decouple’ growth from emissions.
To Grow or Not to Grow?
Das Modell des homo oeconomicus erklärt in der Mainstream-Ökonomik das Verhalten des Individuums nach der Logik der Situation. Auch wenn Vertreter*innen des Konzepts betonen, dass es sich um eine wissenschaftliche Abstraktion handelt, fungiert der homo oeconomicus auf der gesellschaftlichen Makroebene jedoch als repräsentativer Akteur und stellt somit eine Reduktion des Menschen dar. Ein Essay von Elena Goschin.
Gegen die Logik der Situation
p>Twenty-first-century economists will have to understand and improve a post-Cold War world in which no single economic theory or system holds the key to human betterment. Heterodox economists have much to contribute to this effort, as a wave of pluralism spawns new lines of research and new dialogues among non-mainstream economists.
Future Directions for Heterodox Economics
Along with addressing core conceptual issues in defining heterodox economics, we will cover in some detail five heterodox traditions in economics: Marxian Economics, Institutional Economics, Post-Keynesian Economics, Feminist Economics, and Ecologi-cal Economics. In the first class meeting, we discuss the structure and goals of the course, as well as the expectations and requirements from the students. In addition, we will discuss the concept of heterodoxy in economics, along with discussing the concepts and key issues in mainstream and neoclassical economics.
Heterodox Economics
Stratification economics is defined as a systemic and empirically grounded approach to addressing intergroup inequality. Stratification economics integrates economics, sociology and social psychology to distinctively analyze inequality across groups that are socially differentiated, be it by race, ethnicity, gender, caste, sexuality, religion or any other social differentiation.
Stratification Economics
Post-Keynesian and heterodox economics challenge the mainstream economics theories that dominate the teaching at universities and government economic policies. And it was these latter theories that helped to cause the great depression the United States and the rest of the world is in.
In Defense of Post-Keynesian and Heterodox Economics
Manuel Schulz hat sich im Rahmen der Schreibwerkstatt "Varieties of Mainstream Economics?" kritisch mit dem normativen Selbstverständnis der Verhaltensökonomik auseinandergesetzt.
Humanisierung der Ökonomie oder Ökonomisierung der Humanität? Zur normativen Verortung der Verhaltensökonomik
Feminist economics is a key component of the movement for pluralism in economics and one that has, to some extent, been acknowledged by the mainstream of the profession. It seeks to highlight issues which affect women because (it claims) they have not traditionally been recognised in a field dominated by men. On top of this, it seeks to carve out a space for women in the discipline, both for intrinsic reasons of fairness and diversity and because it means that women’s issues are more likely to be highlighted going forward.
Why Feminist Economics is Necessary
Mainstream inflation theories in economics do little to explain the recent acceleration in price increases. The associated economic policy recommendations further increase the misery of low-income groups.
The inflation conundrum
Ihre Erklärungs- und Deutungslogik hat die Ökonomik in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts selbstbewusst auf nahezu alle gesellschaftlichen Phänomene ausgedehnt. Auch auf Diskriminierung und Rassismus. Leider dreht sich auch bei diesem Thema die Mainstream-Ökonomik um sich selbst, argumentieren Steffen Haag und Elena Goschin.
Ökonomie der Diskriminierung
Neoclassical Economics imposed itself over the past decades as the core of mainstream economics, largely influencing academia and policy making.
Clips on Climate: Neoclassical Economics
Im Folgenden wird untersucht welche Antworten die Wirtschaftswissenschaften auf die Frage geben, welchen Einfluss das Geld in der Gegenwart auf unser Denken und Handeln ausübt. Dabei wird deutlich, dass der Mainstream der Wirtschaftswissenschaften das Geld als einen Denkzwang stets voraussetzt und so Menschen nicht befähigen kann, diese Denklogik zu überwinden. Schlussfolgernd werden u.a. mit Rekurs auf ausgewählte Philosophien Erkenntniswege aufgespürt, um die in den Wirtschaftswissenschaften implizierten Bewusstseinsformen systematisch zu vertiefen und ihre Grenzen aufzusprengen.
Geld als Denkzwang? Auswege aus dem Gefängnis der Ökonomie
Understanding international trade is central to economics and is currently a hot political issue. It’s an area where popular perceptions of mainstream economics are low, since they have historically missed some important downsides of trade agreements, especially the hollowing out of former manufacturing hubs in the Western world. et economists have for long time had a theory of trade with an impressive amount of scientific clout behind it: the gravity trade model.
A Theory of Enormous Gravity
Beyond Neoclassical Economics is a remarkable new introduction to the main heterodox schools of economic thought which examines their main concepts and their critiques of mainstream theory.
Beyond Neoclassical Economics
Through contributions from leading authors, Issues in Heterodox Economics provides a critical analysis of the methodology of mainstream economics.
Issues In Heterodox Economics
This brief but comprehensive account of the Post Keynesian approach to economic theory and policy is ideal for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in economics, public policy and other social sciences. Clear, non-technical and with a strong policy focus, it will also appeal to all of those who are dissatisfied with mainstream economics and wish to explore the alternatives.
Advanced Introduction to Post Keynesian Economics
Despite the important methodological critiques of the mainstream offered by heterodox economics, the dominant research method taught in heterodox programmes remains econometrics.
Handbook of Research Methods and Applications in Heterodox Economics
"Despite the rediscovery of the inequality topic by economists as well as other social scientists in recent times, relatively little is known about how economic inequality is mediated to the wider public of ordinary citizens and workers. That is precisely where this book steps in: It draws on a cross-national empirical study to examine how mainstream news media discuss, respond to, and engage with such important and politically sensitive issues and trends.
Economic Inequality and News Media
When Santa Fe Institute Scientists first started working on economics more than thirty years ago, many of their insights, approaches, and tools were considered beyond heterodox. These once-disparaged approaches included network economics, agents of limited rationality, and institutional evolution—all topics that are now increasingly considered mainstream.
Complexity Economics
Those who control the world’s commanding economic heights, buttressed by the theories of mainstream economists, presume that capitalism is a self-contained and self-generating system.
Capital and Imperialism
"Heterodox economics can provide a more complete and robust explanation of economic realities than orthodox (or mainstream) economics. Contemporary Issues in Heterodox Economics: Implications for Theory and Policy Action argues that this greater explanatory power gives heterodox economics the ability to illuminate appropriate policy for the major crises of our time, as well as proffer the basis for a more rounded, pluralist approach to economic theory.
Contemporary Issues in Heterodox Economics
Though apparently siblings from the same family, New Keynesianism and Post-Keynesianism are completely different schools of economic thought. As to why and in what regard exactly, that is what this book is all about. While the former is the official label of the current mainstream in economic research and teaching (rather than neoclassic economics, which would be more apt a term), the latter tries to preserve the original thinking of John Maynard Keynes, but also additional ideas and concepts of all those building on his work.
Introduction to Post-Keynesian Economics
Mainstream textbooks present economics as an objective science free from value judgements; that settles disputes by testing hypotheses; that applies a pre-determined body of principles; and contains policy prescriptions supported by a consensus of professional opinion.
The economics anti-textbook
Caring activities are one central element of feminist economists' analysis – also since in particular unremunerated work is a blind spot in mainstream economics and most other economic paradigms. Those focus on the market sphere: activities are considered as productive and as real labour if they are remunerated and market-intermediated. Goods and services are considered as labour if they create a value which can be traded on the market. Feminist Economics remarks that this perspective creates certain dichotomies and consequent devaluations: unproductive – productive; private – public; unpaid – remunerated OR paid less – well paid; female – male; soft work – hard work; caring – rationality.
Reproductive Labour and Care
Hannes Vetter hat sich in Rahmen der Schreibwerkstatt "Varieties of Mainstream Economics?" mit der Evaluation der Bewertung von Umwelt in neoklassischen Makromodellen auseinandergesetzt.
Kritische Evaluation der Bewertung von Umwelt in neoklassischen Makromodellen
Mainstream-Wirtschaftstheorie beherrscht den wirtschaftspolitischen Diskurs sowie die wissenschaftliche und Lehrbuch-Literatur.
Modelltheoretische Grundlagen wirtschaftspolitischer Kontroversen
Neben alten und aktuellen Diskursen der Feministischen Ökonomik stellt Adelheid Biesecker deren Kritik am Ökonomischen Mainstream vor: das Denken in Dualismen und den Ausschluss von sozialer und ökologischer Reproduktion aus der Ökonomie. Dabei geht sie auch auf das Wissenschaftsverständnis feministischer Ökonominnen ein und erläutert unterschiedliche Bedeutungen von Gender in der Ökonomie. Aufbauend auf ihren Analysen stellt Biesecker Überlegungen zur Ausgestaltung einer zukunftsfähigen Wirtschaftsordnung und Konzepte wie Vorsorgendes Wirtschaften vor. Ein Fokus des Vortrags liegt auf dem Arbeitsbegriff und Care.
Feministische Ökonomik
Friederike Maier gibt eine Einführung in die Feministische Ökonomik, die sie als sehr heterogenes Feld mit unterschiedlichen feministischen Zugängen zur Ökonomie begreift (exklusive poststrukturalistischer Ansätze). Neben deren Kritik am Mainstream stellt sie zudem Themenschwerpunkte wie Lohnunterschiede, Gender Budgeting und Reproduktionsarbeit vor und präsentiert hierzu empirische Studien.
Feministische Ökonomie als Herausforderung des VWL Mainstreams
In this keynote lecture during the conference „The Spectre of Stagnation? Europe in the World Economy“, Till van Treek presents research on how changes in income distribution lead to macroeconomic instability and crisis, focusing on currents accounts. Treek presents the relative income hypothesis in contrast to other mainstream and Post-Keynesian explanations. The relative income hypothesis proposes that aggregate demand increases and savings decrease with rising personal income inequality due to upward looking status comparison – but effects depend on the quantile where income inequality increases. Treek points to the importance of accounting for both income and functional income distribution and underlines his arguments with data comparing different pattern in Germany and the U.S.
Macroeconomics of inequality & instability - Inequality, imbalances and the crisis
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