757 Ergebnisse
Stratification economics is defined as a systemic and empirically grounded approach to addressing intergroup inequality. Stratification economics integrates economics, sociology and social psychology to distinctively analyze inequality across groups that are socially differentiated, be it by race, ethnicity, gender, caste, sexuality, religion or any other social differentiation.
Stratification Economics
One hundred years ago the idea of 'the economy' didn't exist. Now, improving the economy has come to be seen as perhaps the most important task facing modern societies. Politics and policymaking are conducted in the language of economics and economic logic shapes how political issues are thought about and addressed.
The Econocracy
As the Covid-19 fueled economic downturn begins to intensify this winter, an extended study of the Italian cooperative sector’s historical resilience in times of crisis can serve as a learning experience for other countries seeking to create policies that foster more stable economies, with job security, care for marginalized communities and adequate counter-cyclical policies. Particularly, the Italian cooperative sector’s contributions to three aspects should be noted in closing. Firstly, the innovative phenomenon of cooperative enterprises has contributed to social inclusion of immigrant communities, the activation of youth, the unemployed and people with disabilities, a true compensation for both a market and state failure. Secondly, they have contributed to a reduction in income and wealth inequalities at a time when the issue of inequality is of global significance. Thirdly, the Italian cooperative movement has helped local communities revitalize in the face of demographic shifts and rendered them more resilient to the ravages of globalization. Each of these in their own right is a remarkable achievement.
How to strengthen the social economy
One method of economic modelling that has become increasingly popular in academia, government and the private sector is Agent Based Models, or ABM. These simulate the actions and interactions of thousands or even millions of people to try to understand the economy – for this reason ABM was once described to me as being “like Sim City without the graphics”. One advantage of ABM is that it is flexible, since you can choose how many agents there are (an agent just means some kind of 'economic decision maker' like a firm, consumer, worker or government); how they behave (do they use complicated or simple rules to make decisions?); as well as the environment they act in, then just run the simulation and see what happens as they interact over time.
Agents, agents everywhere
This paper starts with an evaluation of three common arguments against pluralism in economics: (1) the claim that economics is already pluralist, (2) the argument that if there was the need for greater plurality, it would emerge on its own, and (3) the assertion that pluralism means ‘anything goes’ and is thus unscientific. Pluralist responses to all three arguments are summarized. The third argument is identified to relate to a greater challenge for pluralism: an epistemological trade-off between diversity and consensus that suggests moving from a discussion about ‘pros’ and ‘cons’ towards a discussion about the adequate degree of plurality. We instantiate the trade-off by showing how it originates from two main challenges: the need to derive adequate quality criteria for a pluralist economics, and the necessity to propose strategies that ensure the communication across different research programs. The paper concludes with some strategies to meet these challenges.
Pluralism in economics: its critiques and their lessons
Inklusion ist ein Konzept, das unser Wirtschaftssystem existenziell in Frage stellt. Bei konsequenter Anwendung würden wir uns von der Vormachtstellung der Erwerbsarbeit verabschieden. Ein Beitrag von Clara Porak.
Inklusion ist eine radikale Idee
This chapter by the Centre of Economy Studies provides a map through the complex jungle of economic theories. It provides key insights and ideas for thirteen core topics in economics, organised by selecting the most relevant theoretical approaches per topic and contrasting them with each other.
Pragmatic Pluralism
Die Welt ist zweifellos ungleicher geworden. Aber wieso gibt es keinen kollektiven gesellschaftlichen Aufschrei gegen diese Entwicklung? Ein Beitrag von Daniel Stähr.
Die Sprache des Kapitalismus
Institutional economics focuses on the role of social institutions in terms of laws or contracts, but also those of social norms and patterns of human behaviour that are connected to the social organisation of production, distribution and consumption in the economy.
Institutionalist Economics
In this essay the authors take a look at how welfare could be provided in a degrowth society.
Bidding farewell to growth: How to provide welfare in a degrowth society
Der Fokus der Neoklassik liegt auf dem Umgang mit knappen Ressourcen. Analysen beschäftigen sich mit der effizienten Allokation von Ressourcen, um den Wohlstand zu vermehren.
Neoklassik
Capitalism is dissolving boundaries - not only in the sense of ever-expanding global trade flows, but also in the concrete everyday working lives of individuals. What implications does this have for our understanding of freedom, work and borders?
Capitalism & Boundaries
What influence do changes in tax policy or state decisions on expenditure have on economic growth? For decades, this question has been controversially debated.
What is the fiscal multiplier and why is it so controversial?
This introductory text explores the political economy of water by defining the subject and examining its key issues.
The political economy of water
As seen with the United Nations significant promotion of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the past few years, the issue of global development is of growing concern to many international organizations. As humanity continues to become more interconnected through globalization, the inequalities and injustices experienced by inhabitants of impacted countries becomes increasingly clear. While this issue can be observed in the papers of different types (e.g., different schools of thought) of economists throughout the world, the work of behavioral and complexity economists offer a unique, collaborative perspective on how to frame decisions for individuals in a way that can positively reverberate throughout society and throughout time.
Behavioural vs Complexity Economics: Approaches to Development
Der Fokus der Institutionenökonomik liegt auf der Rolle von sozialen Institutionen, wie Verträgen, Gesetzen oder auch Verhaltensweisen, in der Produktion, der Verteilung und dem Konsum sowie auf den aus ihnen resultierenden sozialen Beziehungen.
Institutionenökonomik
Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der Schaffung finanztheoretischer Rahmenbedingungen hinsichtlich einer sozial-ökologischen Transformation der heutigen Wirtschaftsweise durch gezielt-effiziente Anpassung der Geschäftstätigkeit des globalen Bankensektors unter Betrachtung der resultierenden Folgewirkungen zwecks hinreichender Zielerfüllung im Sinne des Pariser Abkommens.
Wie erfüllen und finanzieren wir die Ziele des Pariser Abkommen / Climate Agreement (Social Development Goals (SDG) & Environmental Social Governance (ESG)) in nur noch 30 Jahren? Eine mögliche Antwort.
Die Bedeutung des Pariser Klimaabkommen für den Bankensektor
On July 2020 ZOE-Institute published a unique platform for transformative policymaking: Sustainable Prosperity. Building on insights from new economic thinking the platform provides knowledge about ideas, arguments and procedures that support effective promotion of political change. It aims to strengthen change makers in public policy institutions, who are working on an ambitious green and just transition. As such, it provides convincing arguments and policy ideas to overcome the reliance of economic policy on GDP growth
Sustainable Prosperity
Der Fokus des Postkeynesianismus liegt auf der Analyse kapitalistischer Ökonomien. Diese werden als sehr produktive, jedoch instabile und konfliktive Systeme angesehen. Wirtschaftliche Aktivität wird von der effektiven Nachfrage bestimmt, die in der Regel keine Vollbeschäftigung und Vollauslastung der Kapazitäten garantieren kann.
Postkeynesianismus
Wie einseitig ist die Wirtschaftswissenschaft? Studienreihe der Universität Siegen.
Wie einseitig ist die Wirtschaftswissenschaft? Ein internationaler Vergleich
Why has heterodox economics not been more successful in making inroads into the mainstream? And why has “pluralist economics,” the most prominent alternative paradigm to mainstream economics, not been more successful in changing the curriculum?
The Project of Pluralism
Austrian economics focuses on the economic coordination of individuals in a market economy. Austrian economics emphasises individualism, subjectivism, laissez-faire politics, uncertainty and the role of the entrepreneur, amongst others.
Austrian Economics
Was ist Inflation? Warum ist sie relevant? Und gibt es eine einheitliche Theorie über ihre Wurzeln und Ursachen, oder ist sie ein umstrittenes Konzept? Genau darum geht es in diesem Text: Wir definieren, was Inflation eigentlich bedeutet, bevor wir uns mit einem interdisziplinären und pluralistischen Ansatz in die theoretische Debatte stürzen: Wie entsteht sie, welche Faktoren können sie beeinflussen, und was kann man dagegen tun?
Inflation
Der Beitrag skizziert kritische polit-ökonomische Bildung als eine umfassende herrschaftskritische Praxis mit dem Ziel der Aufhebung der gegenwärtigen Form gesellschaftlicher Reproduktion.
Kritische Polit-ökonomische Bildung
Für die Spieltheorie bedeutet eine kritische Masse, dass nicht die gesamte Gruppe von einer Strategie überzeugt werden muss, sondern dass es ausreicht, eine bestimmte Anzahl von Teilnehmern von dieser Strategie zu überzeugen. Ist dieser Schwellenwert überschritten, die kritische Masse erreicht, wird sich diese Strategie selbsttragend durchsetzen.
Kritische Masse
In this essay the authors argue for a wider concept of care work that includes community building, civic engagement and environmental activism. On the basis of the case of Cargonomia, a grassroot initiative in Budapest, they show that such a wider concept of care work could allow for different narratives that promote sustainable lifestyles with a milder environmental and social impact on the planet and its communities.
Reimagining the world of (care)work: the case of Cargonomia
Behavioural economics deals with observing behaviour and economic decision making behaviour.
Behavioral Economics
Marx Reloaded is a cultural documentary that examines the relevance of German socialist and philosopher Karl Marx s ideas for understanding the global economic and financial crisis of 2008 09 The crisis triggered the deepest global recession in 70 years and prompted the US government to spend more than 1 …
Marx Reloaded
The Philosophy of Economics Foundational Text provides a systematic and well-structured overview over the field of philosophy of economics.
Philosophy of Economics
This book is about history of monetary economic thought. From the 18th century with Hume and Smith to the early 20th, the author explains the different schools of thought regarding the monetary theories and policies and specially the central banking theory.
Monetary Theory and Policy from Hume and Smith to Wicksell
In parallel to rising inflation numbers, the concept of profit inflation has clearly risen to prominence in recent years. But what is it exactly? This dossier aims not only to collect the most important publications on profit inflation but also intends to map out the development of the discourse and the different positions within the debate.
Profit Inflation: Mapping the debate
The notion that the demand and supply side are independent is a key feature of textbook undergraduate economics and of modern macroeconomic models. Economic output is thought to be constrained by the productive capabilities of the economy - the ‘supply-side' - through technology, demographics and capital investment. In the short run a boost in demand may increase GDP and employment due to frictions such as sticky wages, but over the long-term successive rises in demand without corresponding improvements on the supply side can only create inflation as the economy reaches capacity. In this post I will explore the alternative idea of demand-led growth, where an increase in demand can translate into long-run supply side gains. This theory is most commonly associated with post-Keynesian economics, though it has been increasingly recognised in the mainstream literature.
It’s Demand All the Way Down
Wir nutzen Cookies. Klicke auf "Akzeptieren" um uns dabei zu helfen, Exploring Economics immer besser zu machen!