1593 Ergebnisse
Renowned scholars elaborate a critique on neoclassical economics and how it was unable to predict and even favoured the financial crisis. They refer to DSGE models, equilibrium theory and rational agents – a brief insight in the critique on neoclassic economics.
Was ist Globalisierung und was sind deren Folgen? Der Kurzfilm erläutert, was unter Globalisierung in den Feldern Wirtschaft, Politik und Kultur zu verstehen ist. Zudem wird die Frage nach Gewinnern und Verlierern der Globalisierung aufgeworfen - eine kurze Einführung in Globalisierung und Globalisierungskritik.
What is the working class under present circumstances and in particular in urban lives? David Harvey explains how the concept of the working class is still suitable for the current organization of work – even if working conditions changed, now being more service-oriented and diffused. Harvey further discusses how this diffused working class can organize via urban neighbourhoods.
Die Krisentheorie aus der Post Keynesianischen Tradition (Minskys Financial Instability Hypothesis) und aus der Österreichischen Schule (Hayeks Konjunkturtheorie) werden vorgestellt und zueinander in Beziehung gesetzt. Dabei wird unter anderem Bezug auf endogene Geldschöpfung, sich wandelnde Erwartung, die natürliche Zinsrate, verschiedene Produktionswege (kapital- oder arbeitsintensiv) sowie auf intendierten und realisierten Konsum genommen. Die Darstellung erfolgt verbal und graphisch.
Neben alten und aktuellen Diskursen der Feministischen Ökonomik stellt Adelheid Biesecker deren Kritik am Ökonomischen Mainstream vor: das Denken in Dualismen und den Ausschluss von sozialer und ökologischer Reproduktion aus der Ökonomie. Dabei geht sie auch auf das Wissenschaftsverständnis feministischer Ökonominnen ein und erläutert unterschiedliche Bedeutungen von Gender in der Ökonomie. Aufbauend auf ihren Analysen stellt Biesecker Überlegungen zur Ausgestaltung einer zukunftsfähigen Wirtschaftsordnung und Konzepte wie Vorsorgendes Wirtschaften vor. Ein Fokus des Vortrags liegt auf dem Arbeitsbegriff und Care.
Friederike Maier gibt eine Einführung in die Feministische Ökonomik, die sie als sehr heterogenes Feld mit unterschiedlichen feministischen Zugängen zur Ökonomie begreift (exklusive poststrukturalistischer Ansätze). Neben deren Kritik am Mainstream stellt sie zudem Themenschwerpunkte wie Lohnunterschiede, Gender Budgeting und Reproduktionsarbeit vor und präsentiert hierzu empirische Studien.
Der Vortrag erläutert die Grundkonzepte, die Methodik und die Forschungsinteressen der Kritischen Politischen Ökonomik. Jäger bezeichnet diese als integrative Analyse von Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft und Politik, für die die Untersuchung von Klassenkonflikten zentral ist. Der Vortrag erläutert Begriffe wie Produktivkräfte, Produktionsverhältnisse, Akkumulation, Arbeit und Kapital. Jäger erläutert neben der Methodologie, Dialektik, auch die politische Zielsetzungen und den emanzipatorischen Anspruch der Theorieschule. Ein aktueller Bezug wird über einen Abschnitt zur Analyse der Eurokrise hergestellt. Zudem werden Differenzen zur Neoklassik regelmäßig aufgegriffen.
Banking 101 is a series of 6 short videos that ask the following questions: How do banks work and how is money created? Is reveals common misunderstandings of money creation and the role of banks. Furthermore, the videos show how models taught in many introductory classes to economics (Econ 101) do not reflect those processes:
Part 1) “Misconceptions around Banking” questions common comprehensions of how banks work (savings = investments).
Part 2) “What's wrong with the money multiplier” states that the model of the money multiplies is inaccurate.
Part 3) “How is money really made by banks” explains the process of money creation, loans and inter-bank settlement.
Part 4) “How much money banks create?” asks what limits the money creation by banks and presents the difference between reserve ratio, liquidity ration, equity and refers to the inter-bank market.
Part 5) Explores the question if banks create money or just credit and especially refers to credit risks.
Part 6) Explains how money gets destroyed when loans are paid back.
Note: The videos refer to the UK monetary and banking system, some explanations don't apply to other banking systems, e.g. the reserve ratio.
Banking 101 is a series of 6 short videos that ask the following questions: How do banks work and how is money created? Is reveals common misunderstandings of money creation and the role of banks. Furthermore, the videos show how models taught in many introductory classes to economics (Econ 101) do not reflect those processes:
Part 1) “Misconceptions around Banking” questions common comprehensions of how banks work (savings = investments).
Part 2) “What's wrong with the money multiplier” states that the model of the money multiplies is inaccurate.
Part 3) “How is money really made by banks” explains the process of money creation, loans and inter-bank settlement.
Part 4) “How much money banks create?” asks what limits the money creation by banks and presents the difference between reserve ratio, liquidity ration, equity and refers to the inter-bank market.
Part 5) Explores the question if banks create money or just credit and especially refers to credit risks.
Part 6) Explains how money gets destroyed when loans are paid back.
Note: The videos refer to the UK monetary and banking system, some explanations don't apply to other banking systems, e.g. the reserve ratio.
Banking 101 is a series of 6 short videos that ask the following questions: How do banks work and how is money created? Is reveals common misunderstandings of money creation and the role of banks. Furthermore, the videos show how models taught in many introductory classes to economics (Econ 101) do not reflect those processes:
Part 1) “Misconceptions around Banking” questions common comprehensions of how banks work (savings = investments).
Part 2) “What's wrong with the money multiplier” states that the model of the money multiplies is inaccurate.
Part 3) “How is money really made by banks” explains the process of money creation, loans and inter-bank settlement.
Part 4) “How much money banks create?” asks what limits the money creation by banks and presents the difference between reserve ratio, liquidity ration, equity and refers to the inter-bank market.
Part 5) Explores the question if banks create money or just credit and especially refers to credit risks.
Part 6) Explains how money gets destroyed when loans are paid back.
Note: The videos refer to the UK monetary and banking system, some explanations don't apply to other banking systems, e.g. the reserve ratio.
Banking 101 is a series of 6 short videos that ask the following questions: How do banks work and how is money created? Is reveals common misunderstandings of money creation and the role of banks. Furthermore, the videos show how models taught in many introductory classes to economics (Econ 101) do not reflect those processes:
Part 1) “Misconceptions around Banking” questions common comprehensions of how banks work (savings = investments).
Part 2) “What's wrong with the money multiplier” states that the model of the money multiplies is inaccurate.
Part 3) “How is money really made by banks” explains the process of money creation, loans and inter-bank settlement.
Part 4) “How much money banks create?” asks what limits the money creation by banks and presents the difference between reserve ratio, liquidity ration, equity and refers to the inter-bank market.
Part 5) Explores the question if banks create money or just credit and especially refers to credit risks.
Part 6) Explains how money gets destroyed when loans are paid back.
Note: The videos refer to the UK monetary and banking system, some explanations don't apply to other banking systems, e.g. the reserve ratio.
This short video by the Khan Academy presents a classic introduction to economic teaching. Starting with the quote by Adam Smith in "The Wealth of Nations" on the invisible hand, it shows how economics deals with the question of the allocation of scarce resources and shortly presents different questions addressed by microeconomics and macroeconomics. It further makes reference to questions of simplification in mathematical models.
The definition of a chi-square distribution is given. Chi-square is defined as the sum of random normally distributed variables (mean=0, variance=s.d.=1). The number of added squared variables is equal to the degrees of freedom. With more degrees of freedom the probability of larger chi-square values is increased.
The total sum of squares and the total degrees of freedoms are disaggregated by calculating in sample variance and "between" sample variance and their respective degrees of freedoms. It is demonstrated numerically that both these measures add up to the total sum of squares and the total degrees of freedom.
Sheila Dow discusses the concept of radical uncertainty and the failure of neoclassical economics to integrate it into its analysis. As to the implications for financial regulation that arise from the presence of radical uncertainty she argues for institutional overhaul, where the banks see themselves as a licensed partner of the central bank and where rules, values, and conventions would be subject to a cultural shift. Also, Sheila Dow advocates for a renewed focus on retail banking.
Banking 101 is a series of 6 short videos that ask the following questions: How do banks work and how is money created? Is reveals common misunderstandings of money creation and the role of banks. Furthermore, the videos show how models taught in many introductory classes to economics (Econ 101) do not reflect those processes:
Part 1) “Misconceptions around Banking” questions common comprehensions of how banks work (savings = investments).
Part 2) “What's wrong with the money multiplier” states that the model of the money multiplies is inaccurate.
Part 3) “How is money really made by banks” explains the process of money creation, loans and inter-bank settlement.
Part 4) “How much money banks create?” asks what limits the money creation by banks and presents the difference between reserve ratio, liquidity ration, equity and refers to the inter-bank market.
Part 5) Explores the question if banks create money or just credit and especially refers to credit risks.
Part 6) Explains how money gets destroyed when loans are paid back.
Note: The videos refer to the UK monetary and banking system, some explanations don't apply to other banking systems, e.g. the reserve ratio.
In the interview, Robert Skidelsky discusses the emergence of political influence of a certain school of economic thought and how the success of an economic theory depends on the power relations in the society. He introduces the historical example of Keynesian economics and its replacement by liberal economic theory and policy in the aftermath of the Great Depression, and transfers this historical case to the dominant paradigm of austerity policies in the Europe as response to rising public debts caused by the Financial Crisis. He contrasts austerity policies with a Keynesian approach. Furthermore, he relates the targets of policy to the underlying power structures, for example when not the reduction of unemployment but the protection of financial capital is politically addressed.
Führen Marxismus und Feminismus eine unglückliche Ehe? In diesem Radiointerview erläutert Frigga Haug die Beziehung von marxistischer und feministischer Theorie, insbesondere im Kontext der Studierendenbewegung und der Hausarbeitsdebatte in den 1970er Jahren. Dabei geht sie auf das Spannungsverhältnis der Frauenbewegung und der Arbeiterbewegung ein. In dem Interview wird zudem die aktuelle Relevanz der Marx'schen Krisentheorie diskutiert und erfragt, ob es neue Rezeptionen von Marx aus feministischer Perspektive gibt. Frigga Haug stellt in dem Interview auch die von ihr entwickelten Vier-in-Einem Perspektive vor.
Banking 101 is a series of 6 short videos that ask the following questions: How do banks work and how is money created? Is reveals common misunderstandings of money creation and the role of banks. Furthermore, the videos show how models taught in many introductory classes to economics (Econ 101) do not reflect those processes:
Part 1) “Misconceptions around Banking” questions common comprehensions of how banks work (savings = investments).
Part 2) “What's wrong with the money multiplier” states that the model of the money multiplies is inaccurate.
Part 3) “How is money really made by banks” explains the process of money creation, loans and inter-bank settlement.
Part 4) “How much money banks create?” asks what limits the money creation by banks and presents the difference between reserve ratio, liquidity ration, equity and refers to the inter-bank market.
Part 5) Explores the question if banks create money or just credit and especially refers to credit risks.
Part 6) Explains how money gets destroyed when loans are paid back.
Note: The videos refer to the UK monetary and banking system, some explanations don't apply to other banking systems, e.g. the reserve ratio.
In this short talk „On Economics“ Ha-Joon Chang, author of the book „Economics: The User's Guide“, gives a critical wrap-up on the economic discipline – on what is perceived as economics, what are dominant paradigms, the role of numbers and economics in public life. He further elaborates on the importance of heterodox schools of thought.
Sebastian Thieme geht der Frage nach, ob die Wirtschaftswissenschaften misanthropische Elemente und Wirkungen hat. Thiemes Vortrag befasst sich mit menschenfeindlichen Abwertungen, die in einem ökonomischen Kontext stehen (z.B. die Wertung von Arbeitslosigkeit als unproduktiv) und deren sozialpolitischen Auswirkungen. Er diskutiert dabei die Rolle von Konzepten wie Effizienz, Nützlichkeit, Wettbewerb, Konkurrenz und Selektion.
In the keynote speech, Sigrid Stagl argues why it is necessary to include socio-ecological aspects in macoreconomic models. The talk focuses on the ecological necessities, mentioning limits to growth, resource extraction and planetary boundaries. At the end, Stagl shortly presents several current macroeconomic initiatives and models that move towards a a socio-ecological macroeconomics.
Silvia Federici outlines the content of her book „Caliban and the Witch - Women, the Body and Primitive Accumulation“. Departing from a critique of the Marxist blindspot on reproductive labour, Federici aims at researching the historical process by which the exploitation of women and the construction of the unproductive housewife has been established. Federici points to the transition from the feudal to the capitalist mode of production and explains how the gender specific prosecution (witch hunt) was linked to necessity of control over bodies and the sexuality in the great transformation. Federici also presents arguments why this research is highly relevant for the analysis of women's situation in current capitalism.
Prof. Dr. Uwe Schneidewind führt in die Alternativen zum Wachstumsparadigma ein. Die Notwendigkeit verdeutlicht er an der Endlichkeit der Ressourcen bei zunehmenden Ressourcenverbrauch. Die Vorstellung von "grünem Wachstum" kritisiert er und erläutert die Wirkung von Rebound-Effekten. Die gesellschaftliche, politische Transformation als Feld der Postwachstumsgesellschaft wird erklärt und in Beziehung zur naturwissenschaftlichen, technischen Forschung gesetzt.
Economist and politician Costas Lapavitsas: presents differing theoretical definitions of financialization, namely from Marxist and Post-Keynesian thinkers and compares their approaches. By presenting pattern and features of the economic and financial crisis, he interprets the latter as a crisis of financialization. Lapavitsas emphasizes his arguments by presenting data from the U.S. and Germany on the transformation of business, banks and households.
Was sind Finanzmärkte, Hedgefonds und Schattenbanken? Über diese Fragen erläutert Brigitte Young die Funktionen von Finanzmärkten und Hedgefonds, sowie deren Dysfunktionen anhand prominenter Beispiele. Young geht zudem auf die Regulierung von Hedgefonds nach der Finanzkrise und den Zusammenhang zum Schattebankensystem ein. Zuletzt stellt sie die Frage, ob das Finanzsystem einen sozialen Nutzen hat.
Paul Mason presents the main arguments of his book PostCapitalism. First, he argues that capitalism runs out of its capability to adapt to crises and second states that information technology challenges the capitalist system. In a nutshell, he argues that a society which fully exploits information technologies can't include concepts such as intellectual property, free market or private ownership. This has far-reaching consequences for the organisation of wages and work. The talk stops at minute 37.30.
Wolfram Elsner stellt in dieser Vorlesung die Charakteristika und grundlegende Konzepte der evolutionären institutionelle Ökonomik dar und kontrastiert dieser immer wieder mit denen der Neoklassik (u.a. im Bezug auf Märkte oder offene Systeme). Hierbei präsentiert er insbesondere die Beiträge Thorstein Veblens. Elsner skizziert evolutionäre Prozesse und stellt die Frage, welche Rolle Institutionen hierbei zukommt. Diese Ausführungen schmückt er mit zahlreichen Anekdoten.
Helge Peukert referiert über die Entwicklung des Finanzsystems in Europa nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg. Dabei erläutert er verschiedene Ursachen der Eurokrise, die Rolle von Schulden bei der Geldschöpfung und die Auswirkungen dessen in Finanzkrisen. Zum Schluss werden Vorschläge zu Reformen des Finanzsystems in der Eurozone (unter anderem Vollgeldreform, Bankenzerschlagung, Schuldentilgung) präsentiert.
Ausgehend von Keynes Werk "Allgemeine Theorie der Beschäftigung, des Zinses und des Gelds" erläutert Dirk Ehnts die Grundzüge der Keynesianischen Wirtschaftstheorie und insbesondere die Unterschiede zu neoklassischen Annahmen und Modellen. Anschließend geht er auf den Post-Keynesianismus ein: Welcher Konsens und Dissens besteht unter Post-Keynesianern und welche sind die Sternstunden der Theorieschule? Kernthemen des Vortrags sind Geldkreislauf, Staatsverschuldung und Kredite.
Carsten Dreher starts with a historical perspective on the development of evolutionary economics by mentioning the difficulties of neoclassical economics to explain economic growth and by referring to the work of Joseph Schumpeter. Then some concepts such as business cycles, path dependencies are shortly explained. Dreher continues by introducing two different approaches in evolutionary economics, a micro centred approach that is associated with Nelson and Winter's work and a macro institutional and historical approach that has been pursued amongst others by Chris Freeman. Lastly the policy implications of treating economies as innovation systems are discussed and a summary of the differences of neoclassical and evolutionary economics is provided.
Das Video „Der Kampf gegen die Ungleichheit und Politische Ökonomie der Umverteilung“ setzt sich aus drei Vorträgen zusammen: zunächst präsentiert Hansjörg Herr „Erklärungsansätze für zunehmende Ungleichheit der Markteinkommen“ und vergleicht diese mit Neoklassischen Ansätzen zu Ungleichheit. Herr erläutert dabei unter anderem Finanzialisierung, Deregulierung und funktionale Einkommensverteilung. Wiederkehrend nimmt Herr Bezug zu Erklärungen Pikettys. Im Anschluss (ab 28:26) präsentiert Christoph Scherrer „Politische Strategien zur Minderung wirtschaftlicher Ungleichheit“ (28:26) und fokussiert sich dabei auf auf die Frage, wie das Finanzsystem zu Ungleichheiten beiträgt. Abschließend erläutert Achim Truger in dem Vortrag „Maßnahmen gegen die Ungleichheit: Der deutsche ökonomische Mainstream als Reformbremse“ (55:15) die Position des Sachverständigenrates in der Ungleichheitsdebatte.
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