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This article outlines the fundamental challenges of democratically planned economies and categorises proposed models into six groups, each of which approaches planning and coordination at different levels of authority and between myriad economic units in a particular way, taking into account efficiency as well as democratic principles and environmental and social sustainability. Through a classification system based on decision-making authority and mediation mechanisms, the article provides a framework for understanding and comparing these models. By examining their different approaches, it offers insights into the complexities and potential paths of democratically planned economies in the 21st century.
2024
Level: leicht
Rethinking Democratic Economic Planning: An Overview
Introduction Economics is by necessity a multi paradigmatic science Several theoretical structures exist side by side and each theory can never be more than a partial theory Rothschild 1999 Likening scientific work to the self coordinating invisible hand of the market Michael Polanyi cautioned strongly against centralized attempts to steer …
2021
Level: leicht
Making Many Maps: Why We Need an Interested Pluralism in Economics and How to Get There
The Philosophy of Economics Foundational Text provides a systematic and well-structured overview over the field of philosophy of economics.
2023
Level: leicht
Philosophy of Economics
Stratification economics is defined as a systemic and empirically grounded approach to addressing intergroup inequality. Stratification economics integrates economics, sociology and social psychology to distinctively analyze inequality across groups that are socially differentiated, be it by race, ethnicity, gender, caste, sexuality, religion or any other social differentiation.
2021
Level: leicht
Stratification Economics
What are the implications of the politics of "behavioural change"? Alexander Feldmann took a closer look for you on nudging and framing and if this is a legitimate instrument being used by the state to make us behave better in terms of our carbon footprint.
2019
Level: leicht
Politics as supermarket? Or how current policy design changes the relationship between the state and its citizens
The objective of the course is to explore the main strengths and weaknesses of orthodox and heterodox paradigms within development economics.
2019
Level: leicht
Issues in Development Economics
This introductory text explores the political economy of water by defining the subject and examining its key issues.
2025
Level: leicht
The political economy of water
In this essay, the author takes a critical perspective on the pursuit of growth as the solution for providing for environmental sustainability and economic stability in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Drawing from the framework of dependency theory and presenting brief insights into European core-periphery relations the author then argues for the implementation of an alternative strategy to development that is built around the concept of self-reliance.
2018
Level: mittel
Dependency in Central and Eastern Europe - Self-reliance and the need to move beyond economic growth
The foundational economy is a concept which describes the infrastructure of everyday life, encompassing all essential services like utilities or healthcare that people require for wellbeing. This contribution provides an overview of foundational thinking.
2025
Level: leicht
The foundational economy: Focusing on what matters
In this text, Fred Heussner takes up the debate on anti-fascist economics, places it in the context of existing developments and identifies potential for further development.
2024
Level: leicht
Anti-fascist economics? For sure! But what does that mean?
Fabian Georgi analyses how migration and borders are connected to capitalism.
2024
Level: mittel
Recruiting skilled labour, while closing borders? The connection between migration, border regimes and capitalism
Post-Keynesians focus on the analysis of capitalist economies, perceived as highly productive, but unstable and conflictive systems. Economic activity is determined by effective demand, which is typically insufficient to generate full employment and full utilisation of capacity.
Post-Keynesian Economics
Die Eleganz der modernen Klimaökonomik scheint für viele attraktiv. Wie sie nichtsdestotrotz die Realität verklärt, wichtige Machtfragen ignoriert und so unzulänglich für effektive Klimapolitik ist, zeigt dieser Beitrag von Philipp Censkowsky und Jorim Gerrard.
2020
Level: leicht
Der Elefant im Raum: Carbon Majors als blinde Flecken in der Klimaökonomik
This report by the 'Institute for Global Prosperity' explores the hypothesis that strengthening and extending universal services is an effective way of tackling poverty and improving wellbeing for all.
2019
Level: leicht
Universal Basic Services: Theory and Practice
Ein ungebremster Klimawandel stellt eine existenzielle Bedrohung dar. Was bedeuten diese Erkenntnisse für die Ökonomik als Wissenschaft? Ich schlage eine neue Agenda für die Ökonomik des Klimawandels vor, die sich auf eine Kernfrage bezieht: Wie kann der nachhaltige Wandel erleichtert werden?
2020
Level: leicht
Ökonomik in der Klimakrise: Zeit für neue Fragen
This article explores if power dynamics in the household can be changed, and if so, how. In this context the focus is laid on government childcare policy and its various channels of possible influence.
Level: leicht
How can childcare policy affect intra-household power dynamics?
The Great Recession 2.0 is unfolding before our very eyes. It is still in its early phase. But dynamics have been set in motion that are not easily stopped, or even slowed. If the virus effect were resolved by early summer—as some politicians wishfully believe—the economic dynamics set in motion would still continue. The US and global economies have been seriously ‘wounded’ and will not recover easily or soon. Those who believe it will be a ‘V-shape’ recovery are deluding themselves. Economists among them should know better but are among the most confused. They only need to look at historical parallels to convince themselves otherwise.
2020
Level: leicht
Origins & Emergence of the 2020 Great Recession in the US Economy
Exploring Economics, an open-access e-learning platform, giving you the opportunity to discover & study a variety of economic theories, topics, and methods.
2021
Level: leicht
The Political Economy of Inequalities
Due to the economic crisis of 2008/2009, households faced drastic decreases in their incomes, the availability of jobs. Additionally, the structure of the labour market changed, while austerity measures and public spending cuts left households with less support and safeguards provided by the state. How have these developments affected the burden of unpaid labour and what influence did this have on gender relations?
2017
Level: leicht
The effect of austerity on unpaid work and gender relations in Europe
This essay deals with the concepts of Sustainable Land Management (SLM) and Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN).
2018
Level: leicht
The importance of a Land Degradation Neutrality approach to achieving Sustainable Land Management
Extractivism is a development model based on exploiting and exporting raw materials. It is fundamental to reproducing entire societies, mainly in the Global South, while generating manifold dilemmas. This text situates extractivism within the broader landscape of global economic asymmetries, emphasizing the role of rents—excess revenues generated from resource extraction due to international price differentials—as a central analytical lens.
2025
Level: leicht
The Political Economy of Extractivism
Due to the IMF’s focus on gender budgeting, this essay will mainly examine its gender budgeting recommendations as an example of its general inclination towards gender issues and its conception of gender equality. What does the IMF’s focus on gender equality really mean from a critical feminist perspective? What are its main objectives? What does it seek to change and to maintain? What concept or idea of women does it follow and what are the underlying theoretical foundations?
2017
Level: leicht
The Gender strategy of the IMF: The way to go towards gender equality or a mere instrumentalisation of feminism?
The course will teach students to analyze the goals, implementation, and outcomes of economic policy.
2018
Level: mittel
Advanced Economic Policy 2
In this essay the authors argue for a wider concept of care work that includes community building, civic engagement and environmental activism. On the basis of the case of Cargonomia, a grassroot initiative in Budapest, they show that such a wider concept of care work could allow for different narratives that promote sustainable lifestyles with a milder environmental and social impact on the planet and its communities.
2019
Level: leicht
Reimagining the world of (care)work: the case of Cargonomia
On July 2020 ZOE-Institute published a unique platform for transformative policymaking: Sustainable Prosperity. Building on insights from new economic thinking the platform provides knowledge about ideas, arguments and procedures that support effective promotion of political change. It aims to strengthen change makers in public policy institutions, who are working on an ambitious green and just transition. As such, it provides convincing arguments and policy ideas to overcome the reliance of economic policy on GDP growth
Level: leicht
Sustainable Prosperity
Institutional economics focuses on the role of social institutions in terms of laws or contracts, but also those of social norms and patterns of human behaviour that are connected to the social organisation of production, distribution and consumption in the economy.
Institutionalist Economics
An essay of the writing workshop on contemporary issues in the field of Nigerian economics: Labour and all the dynamics, such as laws, mobility, gender participation, regulation etc., that are associated with it cements the need for this paper which seeks to objectively review, analyse, and if deemed necessary, give plausible recommendations.
Level: leicht
Labour market: Applicable Labour Market Models and Gender Issues
What’s inflation? Why is it relevant? And is there an agreed theory about its roots and causes, or is it a contentious concept? That’s what this text is all about: We define what inflation actually means before we delve into the theoretical debate with an interdisciplinary and pluralist approach: What gives rise to it, what factors might influence it, and, consequently, what might be done about it?
2021
Level: leicht
Inflation in economic theory
In this essay the author outlines the basis for embracing a post-work agenda, rooted in an emancipatory potential from the domination of waged work, which could help answer both feminist and ecological concerns with work.
2018
Level: leicht
Towards a post-work future: a necessary agenda to reconcile feminist & ecological concerns with work
Das globale Wirtschaftssystem bringt durch die Übernutzung der globalen Ressourcen und die Verschmutzung der Umwelt lebenswichtige Funktionen des Erdsystems in Gefahr. Dieser Artikel diskutiert Vorschläge einer grünen Ökonomie zu Lösung dieser ökologischen Krise und erläutert verschiedene Aspekte einer Kritik daran.
2016
Level: leicht
Ökologische Krise und grüne Ökonomie – eine Einführung
Professor Joseph Aldy from Harvard Kennedy School gives us some insights about how economics can set the balance between policymakers, scientists, employers and citizens.
2020
Level: leicht
Can Economics save the Environment?
After completing the module, participants should be able to analyse the concepts of degrowth, ecological unequal exchange, Green New Deal, and embeddedness by applying theories situated within the fields of academic research of Ecological Economics and Political Ecology.
2021
Level: leicht
Political ecology, Degrowth and the Green New Deal

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Um sich weiterhin für Pluralismus und Vielfalt in der Ökonomik einzusetzen, benötigt das Netzwerk Plurale Ökonomik e.V. Unterstützung von Leuten wie dir. Deshalb freuen wir uns sehr über eine einmalige oder dauerhafte Spende.

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